Macrolides in critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Identifieur interne : 000491 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000490; suivant : 000492Macrolides in critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome
Auteurs : Yaseen M. Arabi [Arabie saoudite] ; Ahmad M. Deeb [Arabie saoudite] ; Fahad Al-Hameed [Arabie saoudite] ; Yasser Mandourah [Arabie saoudite] ; Ghaleb A. Almekhlafi [Arabie saoudite] ; Anees A. Sindi [Arabie saoudite] ; Awad Al-Omari [Arabie saoudite] ; Sarah Shalhoub [Arabie saoudite, Canada] ; Ahmed Mady [Arabie saoudite, Égypte] ; Basem Alraddadi [Arabie saoudite] ; Abdullah Almotairi [Arabie saoudite] ; Kasim Al Khatib [Arabie saoudite] ; Ahmed Abdulmomen [Arabie saoudite] ; Ismael Qushmaq [Arabie saoudite] ; Othman Solaiman [Arabie saoudite] ; Abdulsalam M. Al-Aithan [Arabie saoudite] ; Rajaa Al-Raddadi [Arabie saoudite] ; Ahmad Ragab [Arabie saoudite] ; Abdulrahman Al Harthy [Arabie saoudite] ; Ayman Kharaba [Arabie saoudite] ; Jesna Jose [Arabie saoudite] ; Tarek Dabbagh [Arabie saoudite] ; Robert A. Fowler [Canada] ; Hanan H. Balkhy [Arabie saoudite] ; Laura Merson [Royaume-Uni] ; Frederick G. Hayden [États-Unis]Source :
- International Journal of Infectious Diseases [ 1201-9712 ] ; 2019.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Antibactériens (administration et posologie), Arabie saoudite, Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (génétique), Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (isolement et purification), Femelle, Humains, Infections à coronavirus (mortalité), Infections à coronavirus (traitement médicamenteux), Infections à coronavirus (virologie), Macrolides (administration et posologie), Maladie grave (), Mâle, Sujet âgé, Unités de soins intensifs (), Études rétrospectives.
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Antibactériens, Macrolides.
- génétique : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- isolement et purification : Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient.
- mortalité : Infections à coronavirus.
- traitement médicamenteux : Infections à coronavirus.
- virologie : Infections à coronavirus.
- Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Arabie saoudite, Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient, Femelle, Humains, Maladie grave, Mâle, Sujet âgé, Unités de soins intensifs, Études rétrospectives.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Arabie saoudite.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adult, Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage), Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy), Coronavirus Infections (mortality), Coronavirus Infections (virology), Critical Illness (therapy), Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units (statistics & numerical data), Macrolides (administration & dosage), Male, Middle Aged, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (drug effects), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (genetics), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (isolation & purification), Retrospective Studies, Saudi Arabia.
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Anti-Bacterial Agents, Macrolides.
- geographic : Saudi Arabia.
- drug effects : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- drug therapy : Coronavirus Infections.
- genetics : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- isolation & purification : Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus.
- mortality : Coronavirus Infections.
- statistics & numerical data : Intensive Care Units.
- therapy : Critical Illness.
- virology : Coronavirus Infections.
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies.
Abstract
More than one-third of critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) received empiric therapy with macrolides. Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with a reduction in 90-day mortality of critically ill patients with MERS-CoV. Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with improvement in MERS-CoV RNA clearance of critically ill patients with MERS-CoV.
Url:
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.041
PubMed: 30690213
PubMed Central: 7110878
Affiliations:
- Arabie saoudite, Canada, Royaume-Uni, Égypte, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Grand Londres, Ontario, Oxfordshire, Virginie
- Londres, Oxford, Toronto
- Université de Toronto
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Le document en format XML
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and Research Center, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Solaiman, Othman" sort="Solaiman, Othman" uniqKey="Solaiman O" first="Othman" last="Solaiman">Othman Solaiman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0085">King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" sort="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" uniqKey="Al Aithan A" first="Abdulsalam M." last="Al-Aithan">Abdulsalam M. Al-Aithan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0090">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Al Ahsa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0150">King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Al Ahsa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" sort="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" uniqKey="Al Raddadi R" first="Rajaa" last="Al-Raddadi">Rajaa Al-Raddadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0095">King Abdulaziz University, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdulaziz University, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ragab, Ahmad" sort="Ragab, Ahmad" uniqKey="Ragab A" first="Ahmad" last="Ragab">Ahmad Ragab</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0100">Intensive Care Department, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" sort="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" uniqKey="Al Harthy A" first="Abdulrahman" last="Al Harthy">Abdulrahman Al Harthy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0055">Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kharaba, Ayman" sort="Kharaba, Ayman" uniqKey="Kharaba A" first="Ayman" last="Kharaba">Ayman Kharaba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0105">Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital, Ohoud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital, Ohoud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jose, Jesna" sort="Jose, Jesna" uniqKey="Jose J" first="Jesna" last="Jose">Jesna Jose</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0110">Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dabbagh, Tarek" sort="Dabbagh, Tarek" uniqKey="Dabbagh T" first="Tarek" last="Dabbagh">Tarek Dabbagh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0115">King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fowler, Robert A" sort="Fowler, Robert A" uniqKey="Fowler R" first="Robert A." last="Fowler">Robert A. Fowler</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0120">Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0125">Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hanan H" sort="Balkhy, Hanan H" uniqKey="Balkhy H" first="Hanan H." last="Balkhy">Hanan H. Balkhy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0130">Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Merson, Laura" sort="Merson, Laura" uniqKey="Merson L" first="Laura" last="Merson">Laura Merson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0135">International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford University, Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayden, Frederick G" sort="Hayden, Frederick G" uniqKey="Hayden F" first="Frederick G." last="Hayden">Frederick G. Hayden</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff0140">International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">30690213</idno><idno type="pmc">7110878</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7110878</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:7110878</idno><idno type="doi">10.1016/j.ijid.2019.01.041</idno><date when="2019">2019</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000D55</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000D55</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000D55</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000D55</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000252</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000252</idno><idno type="wicri:source">PubMed</idno><idno type="RBID">pubmed:30690213</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Corpus">000657</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PubMed">000657</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Curation">000657</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PubMed" wicri:step="Curation">000657</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PubMed/Checkpoint">000487</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Checkpoint" wicri:step="PubMed">000487</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">002094</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">002094</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">002094</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">1201-9712:2019:Arabi Y:macrolides:in:critically</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000494</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000491</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000491</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Macrolides in critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome</title><author><name sortKey="Arabi, Yaseen M" sort="Arabi, Yaseen M" uniqKey="Arabi Y" first="Yaseen M." last="Arabi">Yaseen M. Arabi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Deeb, Ahmad M" sort="Deeb, Ahmad M" uniqKey="Deeb A" first="Ahmad M." last="Deeb">Ahmad M. Deeb</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0015">Research Office, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Research Office, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Hameed, Fahad" sort="Al Hameed, Fahad" uniqKey="Al Hameed F" first="Fahad" last="Al-Hameed">Fahad Al-Hameed</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0020">College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0025">Department of Intensive Care, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Intensive Care, Ministry of the National Guard − Health Affairs, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mandourah, Yasser" sort="Mandourah, Yasser" uniqKey="Mandourah Y" first="Yasser" last="Mandourah">Yasser Mandourah</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0030">Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Almekhlafi, Ghaleb A" sort="Almekhlafi, Ghaleb A" uniqKey="Almekhlafi G" first="Ghaleb A." last="Almekhlafi">Ghaleb A. Almekhlafi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0030">Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Intensive Care Services, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Sindi, Anees A" sort="Sindi, Anees A" uniqKey="Sindi A" first="Anees A." last="Sindi">Anees A. Sindi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0035">Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Omari, Awad" sort="Al Omari, Awad" uniqKey="Al Omari A" first="Awad" last="Al-Omari">Awad Al-Omari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0040">College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0045">Department of Intensive Care, Dr Sulaiman Al-Habib Group Hospitals, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Intensive Care, Dr Sulaiman Al-Habib Group Hospitals, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shalhoub, Sarah" sort="Shalhoub, Sarah" uniqKey="Shalhoub S" first="Sarah" last="Shalhoub">Sarah Shalhoub</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0050">Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, King Fahad Armed Forces Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0145">Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Western Ontario, London</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Londres</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Grand Londres</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mady, Ahmed" sort="Mady, Ahmed" uniqKey="Mady A" first="Ahmed" last="Mady">Ahmed Mady</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0055">Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0060">Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta, Egypt</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Égypte</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Tanta</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Alraddadi, Basem" sort="Alraddadi, Basem" uniqKey="Alraddadi B" first="Basem" last="Alraddadi">Basem Alraddadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0040">College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0065">Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Almotairi, Abdullah" sort="Almotairi, Abdullah" uniqKey="Almotairi A" first="Abdullah" last="Almotairi">Abdullah Almotairi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0070">Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Khatib, Kasim" sort="Al Khatib, Kasim" uniqKey="Al Khatib K" first="Kasim" last="Al Khatib">Kasim Al Khatib</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0075">Intensive Care Department, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Makkah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Makkah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Abdulmomen, Ahmed" sort="Abdulmomen, Ahmed" uniqKey="Abdulmomen A" first="Ahmed" last="Abdulmomen">Ahmed Abdulmomen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0080">Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Qushmaq, Ismael" sort="Qushmaq, Ismael" uniqKey="Qushmaq I" first="Ismael" last="Qushmaq">Ismael Qushmaq</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0065">Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Solaiman, Othman" sort="Solaiman, Othman" uniqKey="Solaiman O" first="Othman" last="Solaiman">Othman Solaiman</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0085">King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" sort="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" uniqKey="Al Aithan A" first="Abdulsalam M." last="Al-Aithan">Abdulsalam M. Al-Aithan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0090">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard - Health Affairs, Al Ahsa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Al Ahsa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0150">King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Al Ahsa</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Al Ahsa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" sort="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" uniqKey="Al Raddadi R" first="Rajaa" last="Al-Raddadi">Rajaa Al-Raddadi</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0095">King Abdulaziz University, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Abdulaziz University, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ragab, Ahmad" sort="Ragab, Ahmad" uniqKey="Ragab A" first="Ahmad" last="Ragab">Ahmad Ragab</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0100">Intensive Care Department, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Fahd Hospital, Jeddah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Jeddah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" sort="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" uniqKey="Al Harthy A" first="Abdulrahman" last="Al Harthy">Abdulrahman Al Harthy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0055">Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kharaba, Ayman" sort="Kharaba, Ayman" uniqKey="Kharaba A" first="Ayman" last="Kharaba">Ayman Kharaba</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0105">Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital, Ohoud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care, King Fahad Hospital, Ohoud Hospital, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jose, Jesna" sort="Jose, Jesna" uniqKey="Jose J" first="Jesna" last="Jose">Jesna Jose</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0110">Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dabbagh, Tarek" sort="Dabbagh, Tarek" uniqKey="Dabbagh T" first="Tarek" last="Dabbagh">Tarek Dabbagh</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0010">Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Intensive Care Department, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0115">King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fowler, Robert A" sort="Fowler, Robert A" uniqKey="Fowler R" first="Robert A." last="Fowler">Robert A. Fowler</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><nlm:aff id="aff0120">Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0125">Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Canada</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Critical Care Medicine and Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Hospital, Toronto, Ontario</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Ontario</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Balkhy, Hanan H" sort="Balkhy, Hanan H" uniqKey="Balkhy H" first="Hanan H." last="Balkhy">Hanan H. Balkhy</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0005">College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff0130">Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Arabie saoudite</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Ministry of the National Guard – Health Affairs, Riyadh</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Riyadh</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Merson, Laura" sort="Merson, Laura" uniqKey="Merson L" first="Laura" last="Merson">Laura Merson</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="aff0135">International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Infectious Diseases Data Observatory, Oxford University, Oxford</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hayden, Frederick G" sort="Hayden, Frederick G" uniqKey="Hayden F" first="Frederick G." last="Hayden">Frederick G. Hayden</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:aff id="aff0140">International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC), Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Virginie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">International Journal of Infectious Diseases</title><idno type="ISSN">1201-9712</idno><idno type="eISSN">1878-3511</idno><imprint><date when="2019">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Anti-Bacterial Agents (administration & dosage)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (drug therapy)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (mortality)</term><term>Coronavirus Infections (virology)</term><term>Critical Illness (therapy)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Intensive Care Units (statistics & numerical data)</term><term>Macrolides (administration & dosage)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (drug effects)</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (genetics)</term><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (isolation & purification)</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term><term>Saudi Arabia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Antibactériens (administration et posologie)</term><term>Arabie saoudite</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient ()</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (génétique)</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (isolement et purification)</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (mortalité)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Infections à coronavirus (virologie)</term><term>Macrolides (administration et posologie)</term><term>Maladie grave ()</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Unités de soins intensifs ()</term><term>Études rétrospectives</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Anti-Bacterial Agents</term><term>Macrolides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Saudi Arabia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antibactériens</term><term>Macrolides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug effects" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="genetics" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="génétique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortality" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortalité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="statistics & numerical data" xml:lang="en"><term>Intensive Care Units</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Critical Illness</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à coronavirus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="virology" xml:lang="en"><term>Coronavirus Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Retrospective Studies</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Arabie saoudite</term><term>Coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Maladie grave</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Unités de soins intensifs</term><term>Études rétrospectives</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arabie saoudite</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><title>Highlights</title><p><list list-type="simple" id="lis0005"><list-item id="lsti0005"><label>•</label><p id="par0005">More than one-third of critically ill patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) received empiric therapy with macrolides.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0010"><label>•</label><p id="par0010">Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with a reduction in 90-day mortality of critically ill patients with MERS-CoV.</p></list-item><list-item id="lsti0015"><label>•</label><p id="par0015">Macrolide therapy is not significantly associated with 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Arabi</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Abdulmomen, Ahmed" sort="Abdulmomen, Ahmed" uniqKey="Abdulmomen A" first="Ahmed" last="Abdulmomen">Ahmed Abdulmomen</name><name sortKey="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" sort="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" uniqKey="Al Aithan A" first="Abdulsalam M." last="Al-Aithan">Abdulsalam M. Al-Aithan</name><name sortKey="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" sort="Al Aithan, Abdulsalam M" uniqKey="Al Aithan A" first="Abdulsalam M." last="Al-Aithan">Abdulsalam M. Al-Aithan</name><name sortKey="Al Hameed, Fahad" sort="Al Hameed, Fahad" uniqKey="Al Hameed F" first="Fahad" last="Al-Hameed">Fahad Al-Hameed</name><name sortKey="Al Hameed, Fahad" sort="Al Hameed, Fahad" uniqKey="Al Hameed F" first="Fahad" last="Al-Hameed">Fahad Al-Hameed</name><name sortKey="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" sort="Al Harthy, Abdulrahman" uniqKey="Al Harthy A" first="Abdulrahman" last="Al Harthy">Abdulrahman Al Harthy</name><name sortKey="Al Khatib, Kasim" sort="Al Khatib, Kasim" uniqKey="Al Khatib K" first="Kasim" last="Al Khatib">Kasim Al Khatib</name><name sortKey="Al Omari, Awad" sort="Al Omari, Awad" uniqKey="Al Omari A" first="Awad" last="Al-Omari">Awad Al-Omari</name><name sortKey="Al Omari, Awad" sort="Al Omari, Awad" uniqKey="Al Omari A" first="Awad" last="Al-Omari">Awad Al-Omari</name><name sortKey="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" sort="Al Raddadi, Rajaa" uniqKey="Al Raddadi R" first="Rajaa" last="Al-Raddadi">Rajaa Al-Raddadi</name><name sortKey="Almekhlafi, Ghaleb A" sort="Almekhlafi, Ghaleb A" uniqKey="Almekhlafi G" first="Ghaleb A." last="Almekhlafi">Ghaleb A. 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Balkhy</name><name sortKey="Dabbagh, Tarek" sort="Dabbagh, Tarek" uniqKey="Dabbagh T" first="Tarek" last="Dabbagh">Tarek Dabbagh</name><name sortKey="Dabbagh, Tarek" sort="Dabbagh, Tarek" uniqKey="Dabbagh T" first="Tarek" last="Dabbagh">Tarek Dabbagh</name><name sortKey="Deeb, Ahmad M" sort="Deeb, Ahmad M" uniqKey="Deeb A" first="Ahmad M." last="Deeb">Ahmad M. Deeb</name><name sortKey="Jose, Jesna" sort="Jose, Jesna" uniqKey="Jose J" first="Jesna" last="Jose">Jesna Jose</name><name sortKey="Kharaba, Ayman" sort="Kharaba, Ayman" uniqKey="Kharaba A" first="Ayman" last="Kharaba">Ayman Kharaba</name><name sortKey="Mady, Ahmed" sort="Mady, Ahmed" uniqKey="Mady A" first="Ahmed" last="Mady">Ahmed Mady</name><name sortKey="Mandourah, Yasser" sort="Mandourah, Yasser" uniqKey="Mandourah Y" first="Yasser" last="Mandourah">Yasser Mandourah</name><name sortKey="Qushmaq, Ismael" sort="Qushmaq, Ismael" uniqKey="Qushmaq I" first="Ismael" last="Qushmaq">Ismael Qushmaq</name><name sortKey="Ragab, Ahmad" sort="Ragab, Ahmad" uniqKey="Ragab A" first="Ahmad" last="Ragab">Ahmad Ragab</name><name sortKey="Shalhoub, Sarah" sort="Shalhoub, Sarah" uniqKey="Shalhoub S" first="Sarah" last="Shalhoub">Sarah Shalhoub</name><name sortKey="Sindi, Anees A" sort="Sindi, Anees A" uniqKey="Sindi A" first="Anees A." last="Sindi">Anees A. Sindi</name><name sortKey="Solaiman, Othman" sort="Solaiman, Othman" uniqKey="Solaiman O" first="Othman" last="Solaiman">Othman Solaiman</name></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Shalhoub, Sarah" sort="Shalhoub, Sarah" uniqKey="Shalhoub S" first="Sarah" last="Shalhoub">Sarah Shalhoub</name></region><name sortKey="Fowler, Robert A" sort="Fowler, Robert A" uniqKey="Fowler R" first="Robert A." last="Fowler">Robert A. Fowler</name><name sortKey="Fowler, Robert A" sort="Fowler, Robert A" uniqKey="Fowler R" first="Robert A." last="Fowler">Robert A. Fowler</name></country><country name="Égypte"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mady, Ahmed" sort="Mady, Ahmed" uniqKey="Mady A" first="Ahmed" last="Mady">Ahmed Mady</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Merson, Laura" sort="Merson, Laura" uniqKey="Merson L" first="Laura" last="Merson">Laura Merson</name></region></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Virginie"><name sortKey="Hayden, Frederick G" sort="Hayden, Frederick G" uniqKey="Hayden F" first="Frederick G." last="Hayden">Frederick G. Hayden</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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